Jake Neighbours — Cap & Crease

RoleROLE: Net-Front Disruptor· SECONDARY ROLE: Forecheck Monster

Lives at the blue paint — screens, tips, and low-slot rebounds. Goalie sightlines are never clean.

On the ice

69

His contract

+9

78

Value Breakdown+78

NAV breakdown for Jake Neighbours: values, pin and compare

Select up to two readings to keep them visible for comparison.

NAV breakdown for Jake Neighbours
Reading	Values	Pin
OFF	NAV: 46 Meaning: On-ice offence — scoring, expected goals, production.
DEF	NAV: 26 Meaning: On-ice defence as the valuation used it. The DEF rating shown on the STRAND rails is a different, descriptive blend.
AGE	NAV: 5 Meaning: Age curve — a youth premium or a decline discount on projected value.
CAP	NAV: 10 Meaning: Contract surplus — the gap between market value and what the club pays, including team-control rights.
DEV	NAV: -9 Meaning: Development risk — a young player's value discounted for bust probability, relieved by NHL track record.
Total	NAV: 78 Meaning: Combined value

STRAND DNA

Compare

Jake Neighbours player profile STRAND: values, pin and compare

Select up to two readings to keep them visible for comparison.

Jake Neighbours player profile STRAND
Reading	Values	Pin
Offense: OPS	Rating / 100: 59 Actual: 1.8 Comparison: Unavailable
Offense: xG	Rating / 100: 51 Actual: 17 xG/82 Comparison: Unavailable
Offense: NOIV	Rating / 100: 73 Actual: +8.8% Comparison: Unavailable
Offense: TOI	Rating / 100: 53 Actual: 15.2 min Comparison: Unavailable
Defense: DPS	Rating / 100: 44 Actual: 1.0 Comparison: Unavailable
Defense: SUPP	Rating / 100: 66 Actual: +0.51 xGA Comparison: Unavailable
Defense: QoC	Rating / 100: 43 Actual: 48 Comparison: Unavailable
Defense: OZ Starts	Rating / 100: 57 Actual: 55% OZ Comparison: Unavailable

Big number = 0–100 rating vs the NHL field (100 = elite; 50 = league median). Small number = the actual stat. Blue = offensive traits, red = defensive traits — wave color marks the trait family, never good vs bad.

What does each trait mean?

OPSOffensive Point Shares — offense measured in standings points

xGExpected goals created per 82 games (shot quality × volume)

NOIVNet on-ice value — the team's shot-quality edge with him on the ice

TOIIce time per game — minutes played, a proxy for coaching trust

DPSDefensive Point Shares — defense measured in standings points

SUPPSuppression — fewer scoring chances allowed than his teammates

QoCQuality of competition — how tough his matchups are (0–100)

OZ StartsShare of his shifts that start in the offensive zone (not time spent there)

Percentile rank vs forwards, ≥20 GP, 2025-26

League Context444 plotted

Ranked among forwards · ≥20 GP · 2025-26

Tap a point to pin it. Open the table below to compare every player.Click a point to pin it, or drag the plot to select a group.

Compare all plotted players in a table

Swipe or scroll for all comparison columns

Offensive value, defensive value, and NAV for Jake Neighbours and 443 same-position peers
Player	Team	OFF	DEF	NAV	Compare
Connor McDavid	EDM	329	40	+536
Nikita Kucherov	TBL	337	43	+501
Nathan MacKinnon	COL	326	48	+500
Jack Hughes	NJD	202	31	+426
Leon Draisaitl	EDM	281	35	+380
Nick Suzuki	MTL	200	42	+375
Macklin Celebrini	SJS	238	35	+373
Wyatt Johnston	DAL	167	34	+354
Tim Stützle	OTT	157	35	+342
Matt Boldy	MIN	179	40	+334
Martin Necas	COL	219	44	+331
Dylan Guenther	UTA	137	30	+307
Cole Caufield	MTL	178	38	+298
Seth Jarvis	CAR	136	34	+295
Cutter Gauthier	ANA	138	20	+286
David Pastrnak	BOS	231	33	+282
Connor Bedard	CHI	149	26	+276
Mark Scheifele	WPG	194	35	+267
Jack Eichel	VGK	201	40	+266
Brandon Hagel	TBL	172	41	+263
Leo Carlsson	ANA	123	29	+262
Lucas Raymond	DET	134	34	+260
Andrei Svechnikov	CAR	125	30	+254
Clayton Keller	UTA	171	38	+254
Jake Guentzel	TBL	180	36	+251
Robert Thomas	STL	152	35	+251
Tage Thompson	BUF	159	30	+250
Will Smith	SJS	104	28	+248
Kirill Kaprizov	MIN	210	36	+247
Jason Robertson	DAL	203	41	+243
Alex Ovechkin	WSH	120	28	+238
Brady Tkachuk	FLA	140	29	+237
Mikko Rantanen	DAL	200	31	+235
Pavel Dorofeyev	NYR	104	33	+234
Mark Stone	VGK	191	35	+231
Mats Zuccarello	LAK	121	28	+226
Kirill Marchenko	CBJ	117	34	+225
Sidney Crosby	PIT	178	30	+223
Alex DeBrincat	DET	156	37	+221
Sebastian Aho	CAR	155	37	+221
Brock Nelson	COL	118	37	+212
Ryan O'Reilly	NSH	111	37	+212
Kyle Connor	WPG	175	35	+211
Drake Batherson	OTT	130	31	+210
William Nylander	TOR	190	27	+210
Morgan Geekie	BOS	115	28	+208
Matthew Tkachuk	FLA	155	19	+203
Sam Reinhart	FLA	137	29	+202
Anthony Mantha	NJD	101	27	+201
Nikolaj Ehlers	CAR	126	34	+200
Evgeni Malkin	PIT	148	27	+198
Nick Schmaltz	UTA	125	37	+198
Alex Tuch	WSH	115	37	+197
Filip Forsberg	NSH	137	33	+196
Beckett Sennecke	ANA	86	30	+194
Artemi Panarin	LAK	174	34	+193
Bryan Rust	PIT	127	29	+192
Mitch Marner	VGK	162	40	+191
Pavel Zacha	BOS	107	30	+191
Mika Zibanejad	NYR	132	31	+189
Zach Hyman	EDM	122	33	+189
Brad Marchand	FLA	133	16	+188
Steven Stamkos	NSH	114	30	+188
Logan Cooley	UTA	87	19	+187
Tom Wilson	WSH	111	34	+187
Adrian Kempe	LAK	124	37	+186
Jimmy Snuggerud	STL	85	32	+183
Viktor Arvidsson	DET	97	29	+183
Jason Zucker	BUF	92	24	+180
Travis Konecny	PHI	119	35	+180
Aliaksei Protas	WSH	76	35	+177
Matthew Knies	TOR	94	25	+175
Gabriel Vilardi	WPG	110	29	+172
Dylan Strome	WSH	96	32	+171
Mathew Barzal	NYI	111	35	+171
Jesper Bratt	NJD	123	35	+170
Dylan Larkin	DET	128	33	+169
Anton Lundell	FLA	61	29	+165
Ivan Demidov	MTL	97	30	+164
Trevor Zegras	PHI	99	29	+164
Dylan Cozens	OTT	91	31	+163
Dylan Holloway	STL	101	30	+163
Joel Eriksson Ek	MIN	86	34	+161
Quinton Byfield	LAK	61	35	+158
Matty Beniers	SEA	57	31	+156
Matvei Michkov	PHI	76	32	+154
Troy Terry	ANA	115	30	+153
Auston Matthews	TOR	133	28	+151
Luke Evangelista	NSH	75	27	+150
Nico Hischier	NJD	108	36	+148
Bo Horvat	NYI	107	36	+147
Ryan McLeod	BUF	64	36	+147
Jackson Blake	CAR	74	35	+145
Roope Hintz	DAL	112	31	+145
Anthony Cirelli	TBL	91	40	+144
John Tavares	TOR	122	27	+144
William Eklund	OTT	71	24	+144
Artturi Lehkonen	COL	85	36	+143
Brayden Point	TBL	117	31	+143
Michael Misa	SJS	24	12	+142
Alexis Lafrenière	NYR	76	33	+135
Frank Nazar	CHI	52	21	+132
Marco Rossi	VAN	71	16	+132
Jared McCann	SEA	94	24	+131
Shane Pinto	OTT	67	31	+130
Rickard Rakell	PIT	101	26	+129
Ivan Barbashev	VGK	89	38	+127
Ryan Nugent-Hopkins	EDM	94	30	+127
Vincent Trocheck	UTA	86	28	+125
Egor Chinakhov	PIT	58	22	+124
Ryan Leonard	WSH	62	26	+124
Justin Sourdif	WSH	40	34	+123
Dawson Mercer	NJD	39	35	+119
Adam Fantilli	CBJ	87	21	+118
Ben Kindel	PIT	39	28	+118
Jack Quinn	BUF	66	27	+117
Logan Stankoven	CAR	58	33	+116
Sam Bennett	FLA	87	31	+112
J.T. Miller	NYR	103	25	+111
Matt Savoie	EDM	33	31	+111
Alex Laferriere	LAK	40	35	+110
Gabe Perreault	NYR	37	17	+107
Josh Norris	BUF	87	23	+107
Ridly Greig	OTT	29	32	+107
Josh Doan	BUF	75	26	+106
Ryan Greene	CHI	10	27	+106
Tyson Foerster	PHI	55	31	+106
Matt Duchene	DAL	105	24	+105
Tyler Bertuzzi	CHI	82	29	+104
Carter Verhaeghe	FLA	86	31	+103
JJ Peterka	BOS	69	32	+103
Valeri Nichushkin	CBJ	88	28	+103
Gage Goncalves	TBL	36	33	+102
Jamie Benn	DAL	66	26	+102
Nate Danielson	DET	3	4	+102
Noah Ostlund	BUF	37	26	+101
Claude Giroux	OTT	62	37	+100
Emmitt Finnie	DET	19	30	+100
Collin Graf	SJS	44	28	+99
Zach Benson	BUF	67	34	+99
Mason McTavish	STL	55	23	+97
Owen Tippett	PHI	73	31	+97
Calum Ritchie	NYI	34	20	+96
Mavrik Bourque	NSH	48	33	+96
Connor McMichael	STL	54	32	+95
Kevin Fiala	LAK	85	29	+95
Noah Cates	PHI	53	37	+94
Shane Wright	SEA	29	30	+94
Matias Maccelli	NYI	49	21	+93
Matt Coronato	CGY	47	24	+92
Emil Heineman	NYI	22	27	+91
Patrick Kane	CHI	110	28	+91
Casey Mittelstadt	BOS	60	30	+89
Alex Newhook	MTL	46	17	+88
Simon Holmstrom	NYI	40	32	+88
Justin Brazeau	PIT	47	23	+87
Justin Hryckowian	DAL	26	31	+87
Kaapo Kakko	SEA	56	29	+87
Kyle Palmieri	NYI	60	18	+87
Morgan Frost	CGY	49	30	+86
Arseny Gritsyuk	NJD	40	28	+85
Jordan Kyrou	WSH	79	31	+84
Oliver Kapanen	MTL	29	22	+84
Ryan Hartman	MIN	58	31	+84
Braeden Bowman	VGK	37	18	+83
Easton Cowan	TOR	29	23	+83
Tommy Novak	PIT	52	29	+83
Alexander Wennberg	SJS	55	26	+82
Mikael Granlund	ANA	78	22	+82
Tomas Hertl	VGK	93	29	+82
Zachary Bolduc	MTL	31	24	+82
Cole Perfetti	WPG	42	27	+81
Isaac Howard	EDM	-1	5	+81
Matthew Wood	NSH	32	25	+81
Sammy Blais	OTT	47	34	+81
Daniil But	UTA	4	8	+79
Marat Khusnutdinov	BOS	21	26	+79
Oliver Moore	CHI	18	14	+79
Jake Neighbours · CURRENT	STL	45	26	+78	Baseline
Alex Steeves	BOS	30	24	+77
Parker Kelly	COL	33	33	+77
Sam Steel	DAL	27	30	+77
Dmitri Voronkov	CBJ	54	26	+76
Elias Pettersson	VAN	74	24	+75
Christian Dvorak	PHI	48	32	+74
Danila Yurov	MIN	22	26	+73
Jack Roslovic	TOR	48	25	+73
Lawson Crouse	UTA	45	36	+73
Elias Lindholm	BOS	74	26	+72
Nicholas Robertson	PIT	46	31	+72
Bobby Brink	MIN	36	26	+71
Vasily Podkolzin	EDM	30	32	+71
Will Cuylle	NYR	32	30	+71
Brock Boeser	VAN	60	20	+70
Mason Marchment	SJS	73	33	+70
Linus Karlsson	VAN	32	18	+69
Marco Kasper	DET	6	26	+69
Rutger McGroarty	PIT	2	4	+69
Kent Johnson	CBJ	20	24	+68
Noah Laba	NYR	12	28	+67
Taylor Hall	CAR	63	28	+67
Berkly Catton	SEA	9	22	+66
Joel Farabee	CGY	31	33	+66
Mackie Samoskevich	SEA	32	31	+65
Pierre-Luc Dubois	WSH	63	24	+65
Stephen Halliday	OTT	24	15	+64
Cole Sillinger	CBJ	21	29	+63
Dalibor Dvorsky	STL	11	24	+63
Peyton Krebs	BUF	34	31	+63
Chris Kreider	ANA	77	19	+61
Jordan Eberle	SEA	76	29	+61
Pius Suter	STL	33	31	+61
Michael Amadio	OTT	29	33	+60
Timo Meier	NJD	63	31	+60
Victor Olofsson	VGK	37	27	+60
Dominic James	TBL	18	18	+59
Blake Coleman	MIN	45	36	+58
Matvei Gridin	CGY	20	7	+58
Sean Monahan	CBJ	47	30	+58
Evan Rodrigues	NJD	29	28	+57
Fraser Minten	BOS	27	28	+57
Charlie Coyle	CBJ	68	35	+56
Tyler Toffoli	SJS	72	28	+56
Eetu Luostarinen	FLA	25	33	+55
Josh Dunne	WSH	4	46	+55
Chandler Stephenson	SEA	50	22	+54
Connor Zary	CGY	22	26	+54
Kailer Yamamoto	UTA	31	22	+54
Ryan Poehling	ANA	27	29	+54
Igor Chernyshov	SJS	20	6	+53
Jake DeBrusk	VAN	46	26	+53
Jonatan Berggren	STL	25	20	+53
Eeli Tolvanen	NYR	26	24	+52
Fedor Svechkov	COL	3	22	+52
Michael Carcone	UTA	34	28	+52
Pavel Buchnevich	STL	62	30	+52
Trevor Moore	LAK	36	31	+52
Cody Glass	NJD	24	27	+51
Jordan Staal	CAR	40	33	+51
Barrett Hayton	UTA	30	29	+50
Pontus Holmberg	TBL	19	26	+50
Andrei Kuzmenko	PIT	48	23	+49
Ethen Frank	WSH	31	22	+49
Adam Gaudette	SJS	28	23	+48
Alexandre Texier	MTL	24	22	+48
Connor Dewar	PIT	17	29	+48
Oskar Bäck	DAL	-1	29	+48
Teuvo Teravainen	CHI	36	24	+48
Alex Turcotte	LAK	10	21	+47
Hendrix Lapierre	PIT	9	20	+47
Connor Brown	NJD	37	32	+46
Bobby McMann	SEA	52	26	+45
Denver Barkey	PHI	18	13	+45
Anthony Beauvillier	WSH	17	31	+44
Corey Perry	LAK	42	28	+44
Isak Rosen	WPG	12	15	+44
Maxim Shabanov	MIN	18	13	+44
Morgan Barron	WPG	13	27	+44
Max Sasson	VAN	9	17	+43
Andrew Copp	DET	38	30	+42
Fabian Zetterlund	OTT	35	29	+42
Liam Ohgren	VAN	2	14	+42
Vladimir Tarasenko	FA_POOL	79	14	+42
Brett Howden	VGK	20	22	+41
Marcus Johansson	FA_POOL	79	22	+41
Nick Paul	TOR	15	19	+41
Nikita Nesterenko	ANA	9	17	+41
Ville Koivunen	PIT	5	20	+41
Michael Eyssimont	BOS	20	23	+40
Mikael Backlund	CGY	36	37	+40
Drew O'Connor	VAN	15	28	+39
Lukas Reichel	BOS	6	20	+39
Nazem Kadri	COL	70	29	+39
Taylor Raddysh	NYR	10	28	+39
Tye Kartye	NYR	11	22	+39
Cole Schwindt	FLA	10	20	+38
Danton Heinen	CBJ	16	26	+38
Kirby Dach	MTL	24	21	+38
Otto Stenberg	STL	2	6	+38
Aatu Räty	VAN	-1	19	+37
Ilya Mikheyev	TBL	28	32	+37
Ryan Winterton	SEA	2	19	+37
Alexander Kerfoot	NSH	19	15	+36
Josh Samanski	EDM	2	26	+36
Mathieu Olivier	CBJ	30	29	+36
Max Jones	EDM	8	28	+36
Ben Meyers	SEA	9	14	+35
Elmer Soderblom	PIT	8	19	+35
Marc Gatcomb	VGK	3	23	+35
Jack Drury	NSH	13	34	+34
Jack McBain	UTA	15	31	+34
Jared Wright	LAK	6	25	+34
Mark Kastelic	BOS	5	26	+34
Zachary L'Heureux	COL	4	16	+34
Alexander Holtz	VGK	8	13	+33
Nicolas Roy	COL	12	27	+33
Tyler Seguin	DAL	69	23	+33
Oliver Bjorkstrand	NYR	39	25	+32
Colton Dach	EDM	2	15	+30
Gavin Brindley	COL	5	16	+30
Max Domi	TOR	31	22	+30
Nick Lardis	CHI	12	9	+30
Carl Grundstrom	PHI	7	18	+29
Jaroslav Chmelar	NYR	8	19	+29
Nikita Grebenkin	PHI	2	17	+29
Zemgus Girgensons	TBL	1	27	+29
Adam Klapka	CGY	4	21	+28
Boone Jenner	WSH	51	24	+28
Isac Lundeström	CBJ	-7	23	+28
Joel Kiviranta	DAL	5	27	+28
Reid Schaefer	NSH	-2	11	+28
Blake Lizotte	PIT	13	21	+27
Brad Lambert	WPG	1	4	+27
Cole Reinhardt	FLA	5	15	+27
Conor Garland	CBJ	30	27	+27
Mark Jankowski	CAR	24	26	+27
Ross Colton	NSH	27	30	+27
Jake Evans	MTL	15	24	+26
Jonathan Drouin	STL	20	22	+26
Jordan Martinook	CAR	21	33	+26
Ozzy Wiesblatt	NSH	-9	15	+26
Ryan Donato	CHI	29	27	+26
Samuel Helenius	LAK	1	19	+26
Yegor Sharangovich	CGY	21	27	+26
Gabriel Landeskog	COL	62	31	+25
Kyle MacLean	NYI	-7	21	+25
Matt Rempe	NYR	-2	24	+25
Conor Sheary	BUF	9	25	+24
Jesper Boqvist	NJD	-4	23	+24
Joel Armia	LAK	21	26	+24
Adam Edstrom	NSH	-1	18	+23
Arshdeep Bains	VAN	2	17	+22
Taylor Ward	LAK	3	20	+22
Cole Koepke	WPG	3	23	+21
Juuso Parssinen	NYR	0	18	+21
Mathieu Joseph	EDM	-1	19	+21
Teddy Blueger	TOR	20	15	+21
Tim Washe	ANA	-10	13	+20
Frederick Gaudreau	SEA	8	26	+19
Justin Kirkland	MIN	2	19	+19
Kasperi Kapanen	EDM	16	18	+19
Noah Gregor	WPG	1	16	+19
Oskar Sundqvist	STL	7	13	+19
Tyson Kozak	BUF	-8	12	+19
A.J. Greer	ANA	25	33	+18
Curtis Douglas	SEA	3	17	+18
Jacob Quillan	TOR	-7	17	+18
Jaden Schwartz	COL	39	21	+18
Jonny Brodzinski	WSH	13	16	+18
Zachary Aston-Reese	PHI	0	28	+18
Joe Veleno	NYR	-12	19	+17
Warren Foegele	OTT	11	30	+17
Zakhar Bardakov	COL	-2	11	+17
Kiefer Sherwood	SJS	36	25	+16
Ty Dellandrea	SJS	-5	8	+16
Andre Burakovsky	OTT	28	21	+15
Jani Nyman	SEA	4	4	+15
Jansen Harkins	TBL	-3	18	+15
Landon Slaggert	CHI	-9	13	+15
Sam Carrick	BUF	2	26	+15
Alex Iafallo	WPG	17	32	+14
Lenni Hameenaho	NJD	-1	7	+14
Sam Lafferty	FLA	-8	27	+14
Anthony Duclair	NYI	27	21	+13
Steven Lorentz	TOR	0	25	+13
Colin Blackwell	DAL	-2	22	+12
Jack Finley	STL	-9	11	+12
Paul Cotter	VAN	-2	21	+12
Scott Sabourin	TBL	3	23	+12
Arttu Hyry	DAL	4	-2	+11
Eric Robinson	CAR	14	28	+11
Nick Foligno	MIN	11	25	+10
Yakov Trenin	MIN	4	33	+10
Erik Haula	LAK	26	28	+9
John Beecher	FLA	-3	2	+9
Nick Cousins	OTT	13	28	+9
Sean Kuraly	BOS	0	26	+8
Dakota Joshua	TOR	16	21	+7
Kevin Stenlund	UTA	-5	25	+7
Lars Eller	FLA	0	27	+7
Michael Rasmussen	DET	0	23	+7
J.T. Compher	DET	13	27	+6
Keegan Kolesar	DET	0	26	+6
Jean-Gabriel Pageau	NYI	34	31	+5
Martin Pospisil	CGY	-2	15	+5
Mason Appleton	DET	-2	25	+4
Nils Hoglander	NSH	-1	19	+4
Ryan Strome	CGY	30	21	+4
Maxim Tsyplakov	CGY	-4	18	+3
Vladislav Namestnikov	WPG	10	24	+3
Yanni Gourde	TBL	17	28	+3
Alexey Toropchenko	STL	-8	21	+2
William Carrier	CAR	13	25	+2
Alex Killorn	ANA	25	30	+1
Nino Niederreiter	WPG	21	27	+1
Vinnie Hinostroza	COL	6	14	+1
Brayden Schenn	NYI	42	25	0
Jeffrey Viel	TBL	4	18	0
Andrew Mangiapane	CHI	9	20	-1
Beck Malenstyn	BUF	-5	25	-1
Ben Jones	CGY	-8	5	-1
Nico Sturm	MIN	2	14	-2
Zack Ostapchuk	SJS	-10	16	-2
Ryan Lomberg	CBJ	-5	21	-3
Tanner Jeannot	BOS	5	24	-3
Casey Cizikas	NYI	4	28	-4
Nathan Walker	STL	0	15	-4
Stefan Noesen	NJD	8	19	-4
Jesperi Kotkaniemi	CAR	4	23	-5
Jonathan Marchessault	NSH	44	22	-5
Liam O'Brien	UTA	-7	12	-6
Radek Faksa	DAL	4	21	-7
Tyler Pitlick	MIN	-7	14	-7
Brandon Duhaime	TOR	-10	27	-9
Nick Bjugstad	NJD	-3	20	-9
Noel Acciari	PHI	15	28	-9
Miles Wood	CBJ	5	16	-10
Jason Dickinson	EDM	2	24	-11
Jeff Malott	ANA	2	15	-11
Anders Lee	UTA	51	34	-12
Mattias Janmark	EDM	-6	13	-12
Nic Dowd	VGK	2	26	-13
Phillip Danault	MTL	0	30	-13
Brendan Gaunce	BOS	-2	9	-15
Cole Smith	CHI	-5	24	-15
Scott Laughton	LAK	12	25	-15
Trent Frederic	EDM	-6	22	-16
Josh Anderson	MTL	13	25	-18
Sean Couturier	PHI	33	31	-18
Nicolas Deslauriers	CAR	-5	24	-19
Garnet Hathaway	FLA	-16	23	-24
Jonathan Huberdeau	CGY	44	25	-24
Gustav Nyquist	FA_POOL	19	27	-25
Michael McCarron	MIN	-5	25	-28
Jordan Greenway	CHI	-8	9	-29
Ross Johnston	STL	-2	18	-29
Brendan Gallagher	VAN	20	28	-33
Frank Vatrano	ANA	3	16	-38
Barclay Goodrow	SJS	-10	21	-39
Adam Lowry	WPG	7	28	-40
Colton Sissons	TOR	-5	24	-41
Marcus Foligno	MIN	9	21	-43
Brandon Tanev	UTA	-13	17	-46
Ondrej Palat	NYI	0	27	-51

NHL EDGE — Shot Locations & Tracking

Pulling EDGE tracking data…